Internal-combustion engine.



Fig.1.

J. J. KULAGE. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. so, 1908.

Patented Aug. 3, 1909.

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. ENTOI? J ..'J Kulage v ATTORNEYS APPLICATION FILED JAN. 30, 190B.

m 8 M A Patented Aug. 3, 1909.

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JOSEPH J. KULAGE, OF ST. LOUIS; MISSOURI.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification, of Iietters Patent.

Application filed January 30, 1908. Serial No. 413,388.

To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that'I, JOSEPH J. KULAGE, a citizen of the United States,residing at St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented a certainnew and useful Internal-Combustion .Engine, of which the following issuch a full, clear,and exact description as will enable any one skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accomanying drawings, forming part of this specication.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines, more particularlyto 'that class of internal combustion engines in which the explosivecharge is supplied to both ends of the piston, and in whlch the chargeat each end of the piston is exploded at each stroke of the piston.

One ob'ect of my .invention is to provide an engine of the class abovedescribed with a separate compression cylinder, in which the stroke ofthe piston may be varied relatively to the stroke of the piston in themain or explosion cylinder.

Another object of my invention is to so construct the engine as todispense with piston rods and stuffing boxes in both the main and thecompression cylinders.

Still another object of my invention is to obviate the use of valves inboth of the cylinders, causing the pistons themselves to open and closethe various ports.-

Still another object of my invention is to provide the improved form ofconnecting rod. v 1

Still another object of invention is to providea cylinder, theinteriorof which will e, open to permit inspection and also to give access tothe air for cooling, and which will also serve as a receptacle forlubricating material.

Still another object of my invention is to improve the general detailsof construction of the engine.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate one form of engine made inaccordance with my invention, Figure 1 is a vertical, longitudinalsection. Fig. 2 is a top plan view. Fig. 3 is a" vertical crosssection,and Fig. 4 is a side elevation.

Like marks of reference refer to similar parts in the several views ofthe drawings.

10 represents the base plate of the engine.

- water jacket.

9 This base plate 10 is hollow and is provided with a central partition11 and with baflie' plates 12, forming a muffler.

13 are theoutlets of the muffler, formedat the ends of the base 10.

The base 10 is provided at each end with a pair of uprights 14 on theupper ends of ,wh1ch' are bearings 15 for the crank shaft 16.

Carried on the base 10 is'themain or combustion cylinder 17. surroundedby annular spaces 18, forming a The heads 19 of the cylinder 17 areprovided with'sparking plugs 20'of any suitable construction.

Situated within the cylinder 17 is the main piston 21. This piston 21 ishollow and closed at both ends. Passing through the piston 21 is asleeve 22 in which is journaled a pivot pin 23. This pivot pin 23 also.ex-

tends through openings 24 in the sides of the cylinder 17. Rigidlysecured to the pivot pin 23 at each side of the cylinder is a singlepitrnan rod '25 which connects said pivot pin with both of the crankshafts 16 hereinbefore referred to. The movement of the piston 21 thusimparts to the crank shafts 16 simultaneous rotation in oppositedirections as indicated by the arrows in Figs. 1 and 4. .Secured to-oneend of each of the crank shafts 16 is a disk 26, which acts as afly-wheel, and to the opposite ends are secured a bevel Wheel 27 and aspur-wheel 28, respectively. The piston 21 is. also provided at eachside With a pair of openings 30 adapted to be alternately brought intoregister with the slots 24 in the sides of the cylinder 17 thus givingThis cylinder 17 is r Patented Aug-L 3, 1909i access of air to theinterior of the piston for cooling the same and also providing meanswhereby oil may be introduced into the 111- terior of the'piston forcooling and oiling the for permitting the inspection of the interior ofthe piston at all times. To each end of'the piston 21 is securedadeflector 32 for a ur- )ose hereinafter more fully to be descri ed.

hese deflectors 32 are secured in position by means of bolts 33, passingthrough slots 34 so that the deflectorsmay be adjustedin a directionacross the face of the iston.

The cylinder 17 is provided with a pair of inlet ports '35'and'a pairofoutle't ports'36;

-both of which are adapted to be opened and closed by the'movement 0fthe main iston 21. The ports 36 communicate wit the muffler formed inthe base of the engine and the ports 35 communicate with ports 37 formedin the compression cylinder 38. Situated within the compression cylinder38 is the compression piston 39. This piston 39 is similar to the piston21 but is preferably larger in diameter, and has a somewhat shorterstroke. It is provided with a sleeve 40, pivot pin 41 and side openings42. These side openings 42 are adapted to be brought alternately intoalinement with slots 43in the sides of the cylinder 38. These openingsprovide means for cooling the interior of the piston and also permitinspection of the interior of the piston at all times. The pin 41 isconnected bymeans of links 44, with a pair of levers 45, pivoted at 46to uprights 47, carried by the main cylinder 17. The.

lower ends of these levers 45 are secured by means of adjustableconnections 48 to links .Supposing the parts to be in the position.shown in Fi 1 of the drawings, the right hand end of t e main cylinder17 will contain fuel under compression and ready for ignition, whiletheleft hand end of said cylinder will contain a charge of fuel underatmospheric' pressure. When the charge is ignited in the right hand endof the cylinder, the piston will be driven toward the left, thus closingthe left hand ports 35 and 36 and compressing the charge for ignition atthe next alf of therevolution. At the same time the I compression piston39 will be moved toward the right by the connections 44, 45 and 49. Thismovement of the compression. piston toward the right will close the port51 and compress the charge in the right hand end of the cylinder 38. Atthe same time a partial vacuum will be formed in the left hand end ofthe cylinder 38 so that when the left hand port 51 is uncovered fuelwill be drawn up through such ort from the mixing chamber 50. Slightlyefore the piston 21 reaches its extreme left hand position, the righthand port 35 will be uncovered, allowing the compressed charge of fuelfrom the right hand end of the cylinder 38-to enter. The defleeting,plate 32' revents the char e from lpassing directly t rough the cyliner, and

out at the exhaust 36 In place of this the charge is deflected towardthe end of the cylinder, driving out the old charge. The plate 32 -is soarranged that it may be adjusted across the face of the :piston so as tosecure the best results. As has been above de scribed, the amount ofmovement of the piston 39 may be varied, so as to secure the propercharge.

It will be seen that while my engine is of the simplest possibleconstruction, being provided with neither valves nor stuffing boxes,

it secures the maximum amount of efiiciency as the piston isdouble-acting and the charge is ignited at each end of the iston ateach.

stroke. At the same time t e' connection with the rotating parts of theengine is such as to secure the simultaneous rotation of the two crankshafts in opposite directions, thus preventing vibration and jar of theengine..-

Various changes in the form and arrangement of the parts of my enginemay be made without departin from the spirit of my invention, and;

I t ierefore do not desire to limit myself 0 the exact constructionshown and described except where I specifically stated in the claims.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the 'UnitedStates is:

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a combustioncylinder, of a piston therein having a lateral projection extendingthrough an opening in the side of said cylinderya com ression cylindercon-- nected with said com ustion cylinder by an unobstructed port, apiston in said compression cylinder, and adapted to be operated by thepiston in saidcombustion cylinder, said port being controlled by saidfirst named piston, and means for varying the stroke of said compressionpiston relatively to the stroke of the piston in said combustionchamber.

2 In an internal combustion engine the combination with a combustioncylinder of a piston therein, a com ression cylinder connected with saidcombustion cylinder by a port, a piston ,in said compression cylinder,

and adjustable connections between said first and second namedpistons oneach side of said cylinders for imparting a variable movement to thelatter relatively to the former. f

3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a combustioncylinder with lateral openings, with a iston therein, a pivot pinextending throug the openings in said cylindena compression cylinderconnected with said combustion cylinder by ports, a piston in saidcompression cylinder,

lever connections between said pistons on each side of the cylinder,and. means for adjusting said connections to vary the stroke of thepiston in the said compression cylinder relative to the stroke of thepiston in the said combustion cylinder.

4. In an internal combustion engine the In testimony whereof I havehereunto set combination with a combustion cylinder promy hand andaffixed my seal in the presence vided with inlet and outlet ports of a,iston of the two subscribin witnesses.

in said cylinder adapted to control sei ports JOSEPH if. KULAGE. [L. s.]5 and a gas deflector, carried by'the end of said Witnesses:

piston, said deflector being adjustable trans- W. A. ALEXANDER,

versely to theaxis of said piston. EDITH MAGINN.

